Employment Tribunals UK

Employment Tribunals explained in plain English

We publish practical, readable guidance on claim types, deadlines, process stages, and notable tribunal decisions so the tribunal process feels understandable and normal.

Informational publisher only. Not a law firm. Not legal advice.

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Employment Tribunals are a normal legal process

If you have been dismissed unfairly, underpaid, discriminated against, or treated unlawfully at work, using the tribunal process does not mean you are being difficult or doing something wrong. It means you are using a lawful route to understand your position and, where appropriate, seek what you are owed.

Using an Employment Tribunal is not about being confrontational; it is about understanding and enforcing workplace rights.

Why this site exists

Many people approach Employment Tribunals feeling isolated, embarrassed, or unsure whether they are overreacting. That stigma can stop people from understanding or asserting their rights. This site exists to make the process feel clear, readable, and normal by explaining how claims work, how deadlines operate, and what real decisions look like.

Myth / Reality

Myth

Going to tribunal means I am being difficult.

Reality

A tribunal is a formal legal process for resolving workplace disputes.

Myth

Only extreme cases belong in a tribunal.

Reality

Tribunals deal with a wide range of issues, including unfair dismissal, discrimination, unpaid wages, whistleblowing, and other workplace rights.

Myth

If I consider a claim, I must be in the wrong somehow.

Reality

Many people use the process simply to understand their rights, check deadlines, and decide on the right next step.

Use the sections below to build confidence in how the process usually works.

How the tribunal process usually works

Every case varies, but most disputes move through familiar stages. Understanding the sequence makes the system less intimidating.

  1. Step 1

    Problem at work

    A workplace issue arises, such as dismissal, discrimination, pay, or whistleblowing concerns.

  2. Step 2

    Internal process

    People often use internal grievance, disciplinary, or appeal processes first.

  3. Step 3

    ACAS Early Conciliation

    Most claims require ACAS contact before an ET1 can be filed.

  4. Step 4

    ET1 claim

    The claimant files the ET1 setting out the legal complaints and key facts.

  5. Step 5

    Employer response (ET3)

    The employer files ET3 and the tribunal sets case management directions.

  6. Step 6

    Evidence and hearing

    Both sides prepare documents and witness statements before a hearing.

  7. Step 7

    Judgment and remedy

    The tribunal decides liability, then remedy, settlement, or appeal issues where relevant.

Claim types explained

Plain-English overviews of common tribunal claim categories and what tribunals often look at.

What recent cases show

Weekly editorial summaries covering notable awards, unusual facts, and useful procedure points.

View roundup archive

22 Mar 2026

Weekly Tribunal Roundup: Week ending 22 March 2026

This week included a notable unfair dismissal award, a discrimination reasoning point, and two useful procedure decisions on timing and case management.

3 sections · 3 featured decisions

15 Mar 2026

Weekly Tribunal Roundup: Week ending 15 March 2026

A quieter week on volume, but with useful examples on whistleblowing disclosures and case-management discipline before final hearings.

2 sections · 2 featured decisions

Why people use this site

  • Understand tribunal jargon in plain language
  • See how the process usually works stage by stage
  • Learn from real published decisions
  • Keep up with notable new tribunal developments

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Subscribe to the weekly tribunal roundup

Get a plain-English summary of notable new tribunal decisions, grouped by claim type with clear practical takeaways.

Informational updates only. Not legal advice.

Important information

Employment Tribunals UK is an independent informational publisher covering UK Employment Tribunal process, claim types, and case developments. We are not a law firm and do not provide legal advice.

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