Employment Tribunals UK

Understanding Employment Tribunals in plain English

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Claim types

This section explains what each claim type usually means, what tribunals often look at, and where to find related process guidance and real decision examples.

Unfair dismissal

Statutory dismissal claims about reason, fairness, and procedure.

Wrongful dismissal / breach of contract

Contract-based claims about notice, pay, and dismissal-related breaches.

Discrimination

Equality Act claims about unlawful treatment linked to protected characteristics.

Equal pay

Claims about equal pay terms and like-work comparisons.

Whistleblowing

Claims about protected disclosures and treatment said to follow them.

Statutory redundancy pay

Claims about entitlement to statutory redundancy payments and calculation disputes.

Collective redundancy consultation / protective award

Claims about collective consultation duties and protective awards.

Unlawful deductions from wages

Claims about wages withheld or deducted without lawful basis.

Holiday pay

Claims about unpaid or underpaid holiday pay and pay calculation methods.

National minimum wage

Claims about pay levels falling below statutory minimum rates.

TUPE

Claims about business transfers, service provision changes, and transfer-related dismissals.

Flexible working

Claims and disputes about requests for flexible working and the handling of those requests.

Informational publisher only. Not a law firm. General information, not legal advice.